Checkpoints across the state border are intended for persons, vehicles, cargo, goods and animals.

In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, checkpoints are established at railway, automobile stations or railway stations, at sea and river ports, airports, as well as at other areas specially designated in the immediate vicinity of the state border of the Russian Federation.

To carry out the passage through the state border of the Russian Federation of persons, vehicles, goods, goods and animals, the relevant federal executive authorities (FCS of Russia, FSB of Russia, Rosselkhoznadzor, Rospotrebnadzor) at checkpoints are established in the prescribed manner, subdivisions of border, customs, and in cases stipulated by international treaties of the Russian Federation and federal laws, other types of control.

Checkpoints are classified into:

• sea, river (lake), air, road, rail, pedestrian, mixed - according to the type of international communication;
• passenger, cargo, cargo and passenger - by the nature of international traffic;
• permanent, temporary, seasonal, working on an irregular basis - according to the mode of operation;
• multilateral - for crossing the state border by persons regardless of their citizenship, as well as for moving vehicles, cargo, goods and animals across the border, regardless of their nationality;
• bilateral - for crossing the state border by citizens of neighboring states, as well as for moving vehicles, goods, goods and animals across the border only from neighboring states.

In accordance with international treaties of the Russian Federation and federal laws, checkpoints can specialize in the types of transported goods, goods and animals.

Specialized checkpoints are included in the lists published by the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, and are subdivided into specially equipped and intended for import:

• goods, chemical, biological and radioactive substances, wastes and other goods posing a danger to humans, food products, materials and products;
• animals, livestock products and feed, regulated products (regulated articles, regulated goods).

The rules for the establishment, opening, operation, reconstruction and closure of checkpoints were approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 26, 2008 N 482 "On approval of the Rules for the establishment, opening, operation (operation), reconstruction and closure of checkpoints across the state border of the Russian Federation"

According to Rosgranstroy, as of September 14, 2021, 388 checkpoints have been established, of which 313 function, including 109 road, 56 rail, 81 air, 57 sea, 6 mixed, 3 river, 1 pedestrian.

Useful links:
The workload of automobile checkpoints
List of pass items of Russia